Ranges are applied to commands to specify what is affected by the command. Multiple line specifiers can be separated by a comma.
Useful ranges are:
<number> - line number. - current line (usually the default range)$ - last line of the current buffer% - current file* - last selection in visual modeRanges also support arithmetic, e.g. .+10 will be the current line, plus 10.
'< and '> are also ranges, as used in [[20210531165731-vim-search-replace-visual]]. The former represents the first line selected, and the latter the last line.
Ranges can be used as such:
:1,40d - delete line 1 to 40:%d - delete every line.,.+10 - delete current line to current line plus 10